With the continuous development of technology, turbocharging technology is gradually being applied to cars. Below, the automotive maintenance website editor will introduce some common faults and solutions of automotive engine turbochargers.
A turbocharger uses the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe to drive the turbine to rotate at high speed. At the same time, it drives the compressor impeller to rotate at high speed through the rotor shaft, with a speed of up to 50000-230000 r/min. The high-speed rotating compressor boosts the air sucked in by the impeller, greatly increasing the density of air entering the cylinder and improving the power of the diesel engine. A turbocharger is an important component used to increase engine power and reduce exhaust emissions. Due to improper use, maintenance, and upkeep, malfunctions are prone to occur, resulting in the engine not functioning properly.
The automobile engine exhaust turbocharger (hereinafter referred to as the turbocharger) is a very precise device widely used in power equipment such as construction machinery and generator sets. On the basis of not changing the basic structure of the diesel engine, the turbocharger can increase power by 30% or even more, reduce fuel consumption by about 5%, and achieve good economic benefits. However, the turbocharger often fails to achieve the expected usage effect due to improper installation and use during its use. Based on the structural principle of the turbocharger, this article analyzes the common faults of the turbocharger
Phenomenon 1: The oil consumption is high, but the exhaust smoke color is normal and the power does not decrease.
Reason: This situation is generally caused by oil leakage.
processing method
(1) Firstly, check whether the external oil pipes of the engine lubrication system (including the inlet and return pipes of the turbocharger) are leaking oil;
(2) Check if there is oil at the exhaust outlet of the turbocharger. If there is oil, it can be determined that the sealing ring at one end of the turbine is damaged and should be replaced.
Phenomenon 2: High oil consumption, blue smoke from exhaust, but no decrease in power. Reason: Due to oil leakage at the pressure end of the turbocharger, oil enters the combustion chamber through the engine intake pipe and is burned, which may be caused by the following reasons
(1) The turbocharger oil return pipe is not unobstructed, and the oil accumulates too much at the middle support of the rotor assembly, flowing into the compressor impeller along the rotor shaft. (2) After the sealing ring or oil slinger near one end of the compressor impeller is damaged, the oil enters the impeller chamber and then enters the combustion chamber along with the pressurized air in the chamber through the inlet pipe.
Handling method:
(1) Open the outlet of the compressor or the engine intake straight pipe (rubber hose), and check if there is oil adhering to the pipe opening and wall. If so, please check if the turbocharger return pipe is unobstructed. If it is not smooth, it is caused by excessive oil accumulation at the middle support. The return oil pipe should be unblocked and reinstalled.
(2) If it is unobstructed, it is caused by damage to the sealing ring or oil slinger at one end of the impeller, and the turbocharger should be disassembled for repair.
